Fluid Power Basics

Advantages

  • Separation of power source from actuator
  • Smooth, uniform motion is possible
  • Overload protection
  • Variety of motion
  • Economical

Principles of Fluid

Mechanical advantage

States of matter

Fluids

  • Density and specific gravity
  • Bouancy
  • Pressure
  • Compressibility
    • Boyle’s Law
    • Charles’s law
    • General gas Law
    • Transmission of forces through fluids
  • Fluid flow (Bernoulli’s principle)
  • Fluid friction

Fluid in Motion

  • Volume and velocity of flow
  • Steady and unsteady flow
  • Laminar and turbulent flow

Hydraulic Fluids

  • Functions
  • Viscosity
  • Oxidation resistance
  • Lubricity
  • Water separation
  • Foaming resistance

Other properties

  • pour point
  • specific gravity
  • color
  • flash point
  • carbon residue
  • acidity
  • toxicity

Characteristics of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems

Basic Systems and Circuit Diagrams

  • Reservoirs
    • Pressurized
    • Nonpressurized
  • Accumulators
    • Gravity
    • Spring
    • Air
    • Applications
  • Receivers, Filters, and Condensers
  • Pumps and Compressors
    • Performance
    • Classes
      • Positive Displacement
      • Nonpositive Displacement
    • Types
      • Centrifugal
      • Rotary
        • Gear
        • Lobe Pump
        • Screw Pump
        • Vane Pump
      • Reciprocating
        • Radial piston
        • Axial piston
        • Combination
  • Flow Control and Measurement
    • Cock Valve
    • Globe Valve
    • Gate Valve
    • Needle Valve
    • Relief Valve
    • Pressure Reducing valve
    • Unloading valve
    • Counterbalance Valve
    • Sequence valve
  • Pressure Control and Measurement
  • Directional Control Valves
  • Actuators
  • Lines and Fittings